According to the
Scriptural narrative, as the first divine image-bearer, Adam had been given
complete dominion over the covenant God’s good creation. Through his actions however, as creation’s
representative before its God---the creation’s king and ruler as it were---that
creation had become marred. In what amounted to bringing himself honor
through self-worship, in full knowledge of his desire to be like his Creator God
with whom he was said to have regular and direct fellowship (presumably that he
might best know how to be the divine image bearer in and for the creation),
Adam fell from the position of authority into which he had been placed.
Due to this, Adam was
told “cursed is the ground thanks to you; in painful toil you will eat of it
all the days of your life. It will produce thorns and thistles for you,
but you will eat the grain of the field. By the sweat of your brow you
will eat food until you return to the ground” (3:17b-19a). So the
creation itself was unable to escape the judgment that came to its
representative. How is this reflected in
the Nebuchadnezzar story? In much the same way that Adam had been driven
from the garden of Eden, because of the king’s self-worship, when he was
stripped of his rule and authority, the Creator God said to him, “You will be
driven from human society” (Daniel 4:32a).
Adam had given up his full humanity, which is a fate that would come to
Nebuchadnezzar as well.
Yes, it must be
understood that, in his fall, Adam gave up and rejected what it meant to be
fully human. Adam, having been made as the image of the Creator God for
the world---designed to trust and honor and worship his Creator, lost that
which the Creator God had apparently intended for humankind. This
realization makes Nebuchadnezzar’s plight of being “driven from human society”
all the more fascinating.
To this fact of being
driven from human society, the God of Israel added that Nebuchadnezzar would
“live with the wild animals” (4:32b). With his dominion over creation
taken from him, in which he was clearly placed by the Creator God (much like
Nebuchadnezzar had been given power and a kingdom by that same God for a
particular purpose and time) in a stewarding, care-taking, responsible, and
God-like superiority over the beasts of the field (how would the Creator of all
things treat His creation?), Adam’s expulsion from the garden now meant that he
too was going to live with the wild animals.
Why? Why is
there this parallel in the stories of Adam and Nebuchadnezzar? It is
because, quite frankly, humans become what they worship. Adam, as
Scripture seems to indicate, turned his thoughts upon himself, essentially worshiping
the creature. Nebuchadnezzar, in many respects, did the same. With
that being so, the Creator God drove both of them to join the realm over which
they had previously ruled, and to live like the remainder of the created
order---to live like that which they had now come to worship. By
over-reaching, both of them denied the Creator God’s purpose for them.
Along with being
driven from human society and living with wild animals, the covenant God tells
Nebuchadnezzar that he “will be fed grass like oxen” (Daniel 4:32c). As one
continues to compare this king’s fall with the fall of the earth’s first ruler
(Adam-the divine image-bearer that originally been given sovereignty over the
creation), is it possible to find a corollary with this statement in the fall
of man? In a way, yes.
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